Type And Characteristic Leadership

Leadership is the ability to influence others, subordinates or groups, the ability to direct the behavior of subordinates or group, have the ability or expertise in the areas desired by the group, to achieve the goals of the organization or group.

TYPES OF LEADERSHIP

1. TYPE AUTOCRATIC
All scientists who seek to understand the terms of autocratic leadership said that the leader is seen as a relatively autocratic characteristic of a negative.
Its features are:
o Rely on the strength / power
o Consider her most powerful
o Hard to maintain the principle of
o Much of the subordinates
o The order is given by force

2. TYPE LAISSEZ FAIRE
This leader is generally held that the organization will run smoothly on its own because the members organization consist from people who've grown up knowing what the goals of the organization, what goals you want to achieve, what tasks must be accomplished by each member and leader not too frequent intervention.
Its features are:
o Giving freedom to the subordinates
o Leadership is not involved in the
o All work and responsibilities delegated to subordinate
o Not authoritative
o There is no co-ordination and monitoring of good

3. TYPE PATERNALISTIC Type of paternalistic leader only in communities that are traditional, agrarian generally in society.
Characteristics:
o The leader acts as the father
o Treat subordinates as minors
o Always provide protection
o Decision of the hands of the leader

4. TYPE MILITARY
Militaristic leadership type is very similar to the type of authoritarian leadership.
Characteristics:
o In communication using formal channels
o Using the system command / command
o Everything is formal
o Discipline is high, sometimes rigid

5. TYPE OF DEMOCRATIC
People-oriented democratic leadership and providing efficient guidance to his followers. There are coordinating the work of all subordinates, with emphasis on the sense of responsibility of internal (self) and good cooperation. democratic leadership strength lies not in its leaders but it lies in the active participation of every citizen groups.
Characteristics:
o Actively participate in the activities of the organization
o Equity open
o Bottoms given the opportunity to make suggestions and new ideas
o In the preferred decision deliberation and consensus
o Respect the individual's potential

6. OPEN TYPE OF LEADERSHIP
This type is almost the same as the type of democracy. The difference lies in the decision making. In this type of decision is the hands of the leader.


THEORY OF LEADERSHIP


a. THEORY OF NATURE
A person can be a leader if it has the properties required by a leader. The success of a leader is determined by personality traits, both physically and psychologically. The effectiveness of a leader is determined by the nature, temperament or personality traits are not from talent, but from experience and learning outcomes.

b. BEHAVIOR THEORY
The success of a leader depends on his behavior in performing leadership functions. Leadership style or behavior seemed out of the way to make decisions, how to rule (instruction), how to assign tasks, how to communicate, how to encourage subordinates, how to guide and direct, how to discipline, how to conduct meetings, how to rebuke and sanction.

c. SITUATIONAL THEORY
Resistance above the previous leadership theory that enforces the principles common to all situations. The theory holds that there is no single way (leadership) to best manage and maintain an organization.